Add Reserves

A reserve is the per-asset lending pool inside a market. Each reserve holds one mint, has its own LTV / liquidation threshold / IR curve, and connects to one oracle. A market without reserves accepts nothing; reserves are how you list assets.

Each (mint, market) pair can have at most one reserve. If you need multiple reserves for the same asset (e.g., separate fixed-term tracks), each one needs its own market.

Prerequisites

Item	Where to get it
Market address	Output of Create a market
Token mint address	The SPL Token or Token-2022 mint of the asset
Mint program ID	`TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA` for SPL Token, `TokenzQdBNbLqP5VEhdkAS6EPFLC1PHnBqCXEpPxuEb` for Token-2022
Oracle ID	Scope feed pubkey, Pyth price account, or Switchboard aggregator (see Configure oracles)
Risk parameters	LTV, liquidation threshold, IR curve, caps (see Risk parameters)

SDK
API
Kamino CLI

Add a reserve via SDK

The SDK exposes kaminoManager.addAssetToMarketIxs(params) which returns instructions for both creating the reserve account and applying its initial config. Build the asset config using AssetReserveConfig (or AssetReserveConfigCli if you want to load a JSON-shaped config).

Import dependencies

import {
  createSolanaRpc,
  createSolanaRpcSubscriptions,
  address,
  generateKeyPairSigner,
  pipe,
  createTransactionMessage,
  setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner,
  setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash,
  appendTransactionMessageInstructions,
  signTransactionMessageWithSigners,
  sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory,
} from '@solana/kit';
import {
  KaminoManager,
  AssetReserveConfig,
  DEFAULT_RECENT_SLOT_DURATION_MS,
  PROGRAM_ID,
} from '@kamino-finance/klend-sdk';
import { parseKeypairFile } from '@kamino-finance/klend-sdk/dist/utils/signer.js';
import { TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS } from '@solana-program/token';
import { findAssociatedTokenPda } from '@solana-program/token-2022';
import { Decimal } from 'decimal.js';

Initialize KaminoManager

const adminSigner = await parseKeypairFile('/path/to/admin.json');

const rpc = createSolanaRpc('https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com');
const rpcSubscriptions = createSolanaRpcSubscriptions('wss://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com');

const kaminoManager = new KaminoManager(rpc, DEFAULT_RECENT_SLOT_DURATION_MS, PROGRAM_ID);

Build the asset config

const assetConfig = new AssetReserveConfig({
  mint: address('EPjFWdd5AufqSSqeM2qN1xzybapC8G4wEGGkZwyTDt1v'),     // USDC
  mintTokenProgram: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS,
  tokenName: 'USDC',
  mintDecimals: 6,
  priceFeed: {
    scopePriceConfigAddress: address('<SCOPE_ORACLE_PRICES_PUBKEY>'),
    scopeChain: [0],                                                  // Scope chain indices
    scopeTwapChain: [52],
  },
  loanToValuePct: 90,
  liquidationThresholdPct: 92,
  borrowRateCurve: {
    points: [
      { utilizationRateBps: 0,     borrowRateBps: 0 },
      { utilizationRateBps: 7000,  borrowRateBps: 400 },
      { utilizationRateBps: 9000,  borrowRateBps: 1500 },
      { utilizationRateBps: 10000, borrowRateBps: 5000 },
      // pad to 11 points by repeating the final point
      { utilizationRateBps: 10000, borrowRateBps: 5000 },
      { utilizationRateBps: 10000, borrowRateBps: 5000 },
      { utilizationRateBps: 10000, borrowRateBps: 5000 },
      { utilizationRateBps: 10000, borrowRateBps: 5000 },
      { utilizationRateBps: 10000, borrowRateBps: 5000 },
      { utilizationRateBps: 10000, borrowRateBps: 5000 },
      { utilizationRateBps: 10000, borrowRateBps: 5000 },
    ],
  },
  depositLimit: new Decimal(1_000_000),
  borrowLimit:  new Decimal(900_000),
});

For full control over every reserve field (including elevation-groups, fixed-term, withdrawal caps, etc.), use AssetReserveConfigCli and load a ReserveConfig JSON object:

import { AssetReserveConfigCli } from '@kamino-finance/klend-sdk';
import { ReserveConfig } from '@kamino-finance/klend-sdk/dist/@codegen/klend/types';

const reserveConfig: ReserveConfig = /* fully-populated ReserveConfig object */;
const assetConfig = new AssetReserveConfigCli(
  address('EPjFWdd5AufqSSqeM2qN1xzybapC8G4wEGGkZwyTDt1v'),
  TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS,
  reserveConfig,
);

Generate the reserve keypair and admin liquidity source

const reserveKeypair = await generateKeyPairSigner();

// The admin's associated token account for the asset (used to seed the reserve at init)
const [adminLiquiditySource] = await findAssociatedTokenPda({
  mint: assetConfig.mint,
  owner: adminSigner.address,
  tokenProgram: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS,
});

Build and submit the transactions

addAssetToMarketIxs returns two batches of instructions — one for creating the reserve account, another for applying the config. Submit them in order.

const { createReserveIxs, configUpdateIxs } = await kaminoManager.addAssetToMarketIxs({
  admin: adminSigner,
  adminLiquiditySource,
  marketAddress: address('<MARKET_ADDRESS>'),
  assetConfig,
  reserveKeypair,
});

async function buildAndSendTx(ixs: any[]) {
  const { value: blockhash } = await rpc.getLatestBlockhash({ commitment: 'finalized' }).send();
  const signed = await signTransactionMessageWithSigners(
    pipe(
      createTransactionMessage({ version: 0 }),
      (tx) => setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner(adminSigner, tx),
      (tx) => setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash(blockhash, tx),
      (tx) => appendTransactionMessageInstructions(ixs, tx)
    )
  );
  await sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })(signed, {
    commitment: 'confirmed',
  });
}

// Step 1: create the reserve account
await buildAndSendTx(createReserveIxs);

// Step 2: apply the config (may be split across multiple transactions for size reasons)
for (const { ixs } of configUpdateIxs) {
  await buildAndSendTx(ixs);
}

console.log('Reserve created:', reserveKeypair.address);

configUpdateIxs is an array because a full config update may exceed a single transaction’s size limit; the SDK splits it into chunks. Submit each chunk in order.

Cloning an existing reserve config via SDK

To spawn a sibling reserve with the same parameters as an existing one, fetch the source’s config and pass it through AssetReserveConfigCli:

import { Reserve } from '@kamino-finance/klend-sdk/dist/@codegen/klend/accounts';

const sourceReserve = await Reserve.fetch(rpc, address('<EXISTING_RESERVE_ADDRESS>'));
if (!sourceReserve) throw new Error('Reserve not found');

const clonedConfig = sourceReserve.config;
// Update tokenInfo and any reserve-specific fields before applying
clonedConfig.tokenInfo.name = encodeTokenName('NEW_TOKEN');
clonedConfig.tokenInfo.scopeConfiguration.priceFeed = address('<NEW_SCOPE_FEED>');

const newAssetConfig = new AssetReserveConfigCli(
  address('<NEW_TOKEN_MINT>'),
  TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS,
  clonedConfig,
);
// Use newAssetConfig in addAssetToMarketIxs

Add a reserve via CLI

A reserve is added with a single CLI call referencing a JSON config file.

The reserve config file

The reserve config is a JSON file authored once per reserve. Fields use camelCase in JSON; the on-chain Rust struct uses snake_case. The CLI handles the conversion.A reference config ships with klend-sdk: klend-sdk/configs/reserve_config_example.json

The example file may contain legacy fields that the program ignores (assetTier, multiplierSideBoost, multiplierTagBoost). Treat them as no-ops; the canonical schema is in the Reserve config reference.

A minimum viable reserve config:

{
  "status": 0,
  "loanToValuePct": 65,
  "liquidationThresholdPct": 75,
  "minLiquidationBonusBps": 500,
  "maxLiquidationBonusBps": 1000,
  "badDebtLiquidationBonusBps": 99,
  "borrowFactorPct": 100,
  "depositLimit": "1000000000000",
  "borrowLimit": "900000000000",
  "fees": {
    "borrowFee": "0",
    "flashLoanFee": "0"
  },
  "borrowRateCurve": {
    "points": [
      { "utilizationRateBps": 0,     "borrowRateBps": 0 },
      { "utilizationRateBps": 7000,  "borrowRateBps": 500 },
      { "utilizationRateBps": 8500,  "borrowRateBps": 1000 },
      { "utilizationRateBps": 10000, "borrowRateBps": 5000 }
    ]
  },
  "tokenInfo": {
    "name": "USDC",
    "maxAgePriceSeconds": 120,
    "maxAgeTwapSeconds": 240,
    "maxTwapDivergenceBps": 4050,
    "scopeConfiguration": {
      "priceFeed": "<SCOPE_PRICE_FEED_PUBKEY>",
      "priceChain": [0, 65535, 65535, 65535],
      "twapChain": [52, 65535, 65535, 65535]
    }
  },
  "depositWithdrawalCap": {
    "configCapacity": "0",
    "configIntervalLengthSeconds": "86400"
  },
  "debtWithdrawalCap": {
    "configCapacity": "0",
    "configIntervalLengthSeconds": "86400"
  }
}

Add the reserve

yarn kamino-manager add-asset-to-market \
  --market <MARKET_ADDRESS> \
  --mint <TOKEN_MINT> \
  --mint-program-id TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA \
  --reserve-config-path ./configs/my_reserve_config.json \
  --mode execute

For a Token-2022 asset, replace the mint program ID:

yarn kamino-manager add-asset-to-market \
  --market <MARKET_ADDRESS> \
  --mint <TOKEN_2022_MINT> \
  --mint-program-id TokenzQdBNbLqP5VEhdkAS6EPFLC1PHnBqCXEpPxuEb \
  --reserve-config-path ./configs/my_reserve_config.json \
  --mode execute

The CLI prints the new reserve address. Repeat for each additional asset.

Cloning an existing reserve config

To spawn a sibling reserve with similar parameters:

# 1. Download the source reserve's config
yarn kamino-manager download-reserve-config \
  --reserve <EXISTING_RESERVE_ADDRESS> \
  --output ./configs/cloned_reserve.json

# 2. Edit ./configs/cloned_reserve.json — update tokenInfo.name and the oracle config

# 3. Add the new reserve using the cloned file
yarn kamino-manager add-asset-to-market \
  --market <MARKET_ADDRESS> \
  --mint <NEW_TOKEN_MINT> \
  --mint-program-id <MINT_PROGRAM_ID> \
  --reserve-config-path ./configs/cloned_reserve.json \
  --mode execute

What the program does on-chain

Allocates a new Reserve zero-copy account
Initializes its ReserveConfig from your input
Sets Reserve.lending_market to your market address
Validates that the oracle accounts referenced in tokenInfo actually match the configured pubkeys
Initializes the reserve’s liquidity and collateral substructures (zero balances)
Initializes the reserve’s WithdrawQueue (empty)

The reserve immediately accepts deposits if status: 0 (Active) and depositLimit > 0. Borrows additionally require borrowLimit > 0.

Verify

After creation:

Channel	How
SDK	`Reserve.fetch(rpc, reserveAddress)` and inspect `config`
CLI	`yarn kamino-manager download-reserve-config --reserve <RESERVE_ADDRESS>`
API	`GET https://api.kamino.finance/kamino-market/<MARKET>/reserves/metrics`

Confirm:

status: 0
tokenInfo.scopeConfiguration.priceFeed (or Pyth / Switchboard) is populated
borrowRateCurve.points[0].utilizationRateBps == 0
depositLimit > 0 and borrowLimit > 0 if you want both directions usable

Common errors

Error	Cause
`InvalidOracleConfig`	The oracle account in `tokenInfo` doesn’t match the on-chain account passed to the instruction. Run `get-oracle-mappings`.
`InvalidPythPriceAccount` / `InvalidSwitchboardAccount` / `InvalidScopePriceAccount`	Same as above, oracle-specific.
`InvalidTwapConfig`	TWAP enabled (`maxTwapDivergenceBps > 0`) but `maxAgeTwapSeconds == 0`, or the configured oracle source has no TWAP.
`Reserve already exists for this mint`	This (mint, market) pair already has a reserve. Use `update-reserve-config` instead.

Get started

Market setup

Reserve setup

Optional features

Day-2 operations

Data & integration

Reference

Prerequisites

Add a reserve via SDK

Cloning an existing reserve config via SDK

Add a reserve via CLI

The reserve config file

Add the reserve

Cloning an existing reserve config

What the program does on-chain

Verify

Common errors

What’s next

Configure oracles

Risk parameters

Get started

Market setup

Reserve setup

Optional features

Day-2 operations

Data & integration

Reference

Documentation Index

​Prerequisites

​Add a reserve via SDK

​Cloning an existing reserve config via SDK

​Add a reserve via CLI

​The reserve config file

​Add the reserve

​Cloning an existing reserve config

​What the program does on-chain

​Verify

​Common errors

​What’s next

Configure oracles

Risk parameters

Prerequisites

Add a reserve via SDK

Cloning an existing reserve config via SDK

Add a reserve via CLI

The reserve config file

Add the reserve

Cloning an existing reserve config

What the program does on-chain

Verify

Common errors

What’s next