> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://kamino.com/docs/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.
# Reserve Configuration
> Anatomy of a fixed-rate reserve and how to create one
A fixed-rate reserve uses the same primitives as a floating reserve plus four config fields that pin the rate and impose a term. This page covers what those fields mean and the workflow for creating a reserve.
## What pins a fixed-rate reserve
| Field | Type | Meaning |
| ------------------------------------ | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `borrow_rate_curve` | piecewise-linear curve | For a fixed-rate reserve, configured as a **flat curve** at the target rate. Borrowers pay this rate regardless of utilization. |
| `host_fixed_interest_rate_bps` | u16 | Optional **additional** spread layered on top of the curve, charged to the borrower and accruing 100% to the protocol (not lenders). Default `0`. |
| `debt_term_seconds` | u64 | Per-borrow term. The borrower's loan matures at `last_borrowed_at_timestamp + debt_term_seconds`. `0` = open-term (the reserve behaves as floating). |
| `debt_maturity_timestamp` | u64 | Reserve-wide sunset timestamp. After this, no new borrows are accepted and existing borrows become liquidatable. `0` = no sunset. |
| `early_repay_remaining_interest_pct` | u8 (0–100) | Penalty for repaying inside the first term. Penalty = projected interest for the remaining term × this percentage. Accrues to protocol fees on the debt reserve. |
`debt_term_seconds` and `debt_maturity_timestamp` are independent. Set neither (effectively a floating reserve), one, or both. Use `debt_term_seconds` to express *every borrow gets a 3-month clock starting at borrow time*. Use `debt_maturity_timestamp` to express *this whole reserve sunsets on January 1*. The two compose: a reserve with both constraints requires every borrow to fit inside the remaining time until reserve maturity.
**The borrower's effective rate is the `borrow_rate_curve` value at current utilization plus `host_fixed_interest_rate_bps`.** For most fixed-rate reserves you want a flat `borrow_rate_curve` at the desired rate and `host_fixed_interest_rate_bps = 0`. Set a non-zero `host_fixed_interest_rate_bps` only when you intentionally want a protocol-side spread on top of the lender-facing rate.
## Creating a fixed-rate reserve
A fixed-rate reserve is created the same way as a floating one — the difference is in the config you supply.
```bash theme={null}
yarn kamino-manager add-asset-to-market \
--market \
--token-mint \
--mode execute
```
This creates a new reserve account against the specified mint. Multiple reserves for the same mint can coexist in a market — each one is its own independent pool with its own config.
```bash theme={null}
yarn kamino-manager download-reserve-config \
--market \
--reserve \
--output ./configs/fixed_rate_reserve_config.json \
--mode inspect
```
In the JSON, set:
* `borrowRateCurve.points` — flat curve at the target rate. Both endpoints set to the same `borrowRateBps`. See pattern below.
* `debtTermSeconds` — term in seconds (e.g. `7776000` for 90 days, `2592000` for 30 days).
* `debtMaturityTimestamp` — only if you want the entire reserve to sunset on a specific date; otherwise leave at `0`.
* `earlyRepayRemainingInterestPct` — typical values are 10–25% (the first-term-only penalty).
* `hostFixedInterestRateBps` — usually `0`. Only set if you want a protocol-side spread.
**Example flat curve at 5.5%:**
```json theme={null}
"borrowRateCurve": {
"points": [
{ "utilizationRateBps": 0, "borrowRateBps": 550 },
{ "utilizationRateBps": 10000, "borrowRateBps": 550 }
]
}
```
The remaining points in the curve array should be padded to the same final value (the SDK and CLI handle padding automatically when you start from a flat curve).
Standard reserve risk params still apply — set them appropriate to the collateral, not to the term:
* `loanToValuePct`, `liquidationThresholdPct` — the same curve as the floating-rate reserve for the same debt token typically applies. Term doesn't change credit risk; collateral does.
* `minLiquidationBonusBps`, `maxLiquidationBonusBps`, `deleveragingBonusIncreaseBpsPerDay` — these matter especially for fixed-rate because protocol-enforced liquidation (term/maturity breach) ramps the bonus from min to max linearly per day. Set values that produce a meaningful incentive curve for liquidators.
See [Reserve Parameters](/curators/markets/reserve-parameters) for the full parameter reference.
```bash theme={null}
yarn kamino-manager update-reserve-config \
--market \
--reserve \
--reserve-config ./configs/fixed_rate_reserve_config.json \
--mode inspect
```
Then re-run with `--mode execute` (or `--mode multisig` to produce a Squads payload).
Reserve config changes typically have a lock time (\~4 hours) before they take effect on-chain. Plan parameter changes ahead of testing windows; the change won't be live immediately even after the multisig executes.
**Reserve creation and configuration are not available via the TypeScript SDK.** Use the Kamino CLI for these admin operations. The SDK supports reading reserve data and building borrower-facing transactions.
For reading FR-specific reserve fields:
```typescript theme={null}
import { KaminoReserve, Reserve } from '@kamino-finance/klend-sdk';
const reserve = await KaminoReserve.fetch(rpc, reserveAddress);
const kind = reserve.getKind();
if (kind.isFixedRate()) {
console.log({
borrowRateBps: kind.borrowRateBps,
debtTermSeconds: kind.debtTermSeconds.toString(),
fixedHostRate: reserve.getFixedHostInterestRate().toString(),
});
}
```
For market-level discovery:
```typescript theme={null}
import { KaminoMarket } from '@kamino-finance/klend-sdk';
const market = await KaminoMarket.load(rpc, marketAddress);
// All reserves for a debt token, split by rate model:
const allUsdcReserves = market.getReservesByMint(usdcMint);
const floatingUsdcReserves = market.getFloatReservesByMint(usdcMint);
const fixedUsdcReserves = market.getFixedReservesByMint(usdcMint);
```
**Reserve creation and configuration are not available via the REST API.** Use the Kamino CLI. The API supports reading reserve metrics and historical data.
To read raw reserve account data including FR-specific fields:
```bash theme={null}
GET /kamino-market/reserves/account-data
```
Returns base64-encoded reserve accounts. Decode using the SDK's `Reserve` codegen to access `hostFixedInterestRateBps`, `debtTermSeconds`, `debtMaturityTimestamp`, and `earlyRepayRemainingInterestPct`. The standard metrics endpoint `GET /kamino-market/{pubkey}/reserves/metrics` does not currently surface these fields.
## What's next
Enable the market-level features that fixed-rate reserves depend on.
Update or sunset an existing fixed-rate reserve.